Civil / origin of 0x1 of area piece rhythm: BlockBeats of area piece rhythm

By this year March, bit mainland rolled out to be based on the X3 of ant mine machine of ASIC, basically be to be aimed at door collect money (XMR) and depend on CryptoNight to add close money algorithmicly, money immediately gives out door collect to make statement instead, the change core calculates what the law calculates force with antagonism ASIC to inbreak.

In April, piperMerriam of aether lane developer released an encode to be ” 958 ” ” aether lane improves an agreement ” . And what this improves an agreement is main ” improve ” be pointed to the machine of aether lane mine that basically is about to release in the light of bit mainland.

Because be opposite,this is not mainland of first time bit calculate force accuse and with add community of secret number money to produce conflict.

According to, core consults research (ICWise) predict, the sale of bit mainland predicted to achieve breathtaking 14.3 billion RMB 2017, exceeded chip of homebred mobile phone to devise question of factory Trade Fair, flourish is ascended 10 big integrated circuit of Chinese designed company pop chart 2017 the 2nd, be next to Hua Weihai to think of.

And Wu Ji of bit mainland author is cold also speak of when accepting media to interview, compare what especially big land has had on bit money network 70% above to calculate force. And this calculates force forestall, also brought about BTC and BCH bifurcate.

Expand further as border of machine of bit mainland mine, how to answer the forestall calculating force of bit mainland, became each ” distributed money ” the problem that is sure to be faced with.

What is attack calculating force?

Throw bit mainland, BCH, ETH and door collect money, we are told first tell what is calculating force, what is forestall calculating force, what is attack calculating force, and what does it mean for money of secret to adding number.

Above all, what we should talk about is PoW. The about PoW explanation that you see in other place is mostly such:

Proof Of Work, will guess a numerical value through computation (Nonce) , be able to solve Hash problem of the regulation. Assure to be inside period of time, a few legal proposal can appear only in the system. These a few legal proposal can be in the network have be on the air, continue on the longest chain that it can be based on to think after received user undertakes test and verify the computation of difficult problem. Accordingly, the bifurcate that catenary may appear in the system (Fork) , but final meeting has a catenary to become the longest chain. Join POW calculative person, need pays fixed economic cost, for instance hardware, electric power. When the person that did not become key of the first cipher out, these cost are used up, this also ensures whole area piece the safety of catenary, if somebody wants ill will to destroy, he needs to pay many economic cost.

Look not to understand? Irrespective, we use that the commonnest analogy in article of bit money popular science to be translated.

Above all, we add bit money close money to compare a village for the representing’s number.

In this village, everybody has a papery Zhang to be put in the home originally. The village sets, in this village every time deal, the horn that wants the opening that use a village broadcasts.

No matter be today,Zhang San gave Wang Er a money, or Wang Er will give Li Si 2 money tomorrow, whole village person always is listening to broadcast to write his Zhang those who agree originally.

Be in this to be able to make a person the simplest what understand is distributed Zhang this in the analogy, actually a problem did not explain — how do you know you hear broadcast to broadcast really namely? In case Wang Erjin him day bought a horn, be can optional do a lot of money turn on the account toward oneself?

The village has a flock of people in buccal radio station, the job of this group of people is to help every negotiant miss broadcast, and after reading aloud every brushstroke to make easy news, they still can be from the back attach a paragraph of password.

This paragraph of password does not come at random, however a when whole village consolidates a regulation ” maths is inscribed ” the answer. Although Everyman appears very troublesome,this maths is inscribed, but should get the answer takes a result to be pushed instead only can let equality very quickly hold water, with test and verify this this answer is really ” the answer ” . And you are understandable, this ” maths is inscribed ” be what we had learned is multivariate for many times equation, it has countless solution, trade every time so different, you do not have a law to forge.

This group of acting guests in village mouth radio station read aloud beamed person is a collier, the process of their count digs mine namely, and the machine that count uses… show namely get stuck or mine machine. Be in actual in, we often are equal collier and mine machine the node calculating force that is network of area piece catenary to go up, but what point to in the collier in the article is the natural person that is engaged in adding secret number money to dig mine, and mine machine just is node calculating force.

Since from 2009 bit money is born, the machine that digs mine experienced a few level:

Can see, several years short the changes can compares the past a few years integrated circuit of mine machine is developmental course, below the drive of capital, the technology is able to develop at full speed.

Divide this beyond, the deploy of mine machine basically also is in chinese mainland and Euramerican area centrally, the dominant position with regional small electrovalency of the advantage that profit from China has in the integrated circuit design of low voltage, low power comsumption and China, chinese mainland adds secret number money to dug mine industry and mine machine industry to get flourishingly development.

What problem do this have?

Theoretic without the problem, more and more node are joined dig mine, the person that is equivalent to waiting for count propaganda to the enemy at the front line in village mouth is more, whole system should be actually stabler just be.

But, if these colliers use the machine of count to come from same Where is a manufacturer? The question is big.

On October 25, 2017, the apple once exploded had given a news, the calculator of IOS11 appears a Bug: When the user inputs 1+2+3 quickly, the result that gives out on screen is 24.

What result be if this goes out to sum the meeting in the world of close money in the number now,? The computation that is a mistake may be taken as a result to whole network unmanned discovery.

And more crucial is, if ” calculator manufacturer ” forestall calculator market, it still can produce a calculator with this kind of wrong belt intentionally to change mathematical regulation.

After all, increasing field of secret number money ” computation ” can not be 1+2+3 so simple, you take soft contrast impossibly special money undertakes manual checking computations.

The reality that calculates force forestall than especially big land meaning

About be based on the 51% attack that calculate force, we had understood in all sorts of articles.

But reality is, although before the whole world makes an appointment with those who have 78% to calculate force to be in chinese mainland, but be Ied hope they are dispersedly in different mine pool, be accused by different person place palm.

Although all is based on of PoW add secret number money to exist by the risk of 51% attack, but bring about very few somebody to be able to launch attack really dispersedly as a result of what calculate force.

But if collier itself does not want to launch attack, but does the manufacturer launch mine machine atttack?

Still use a moment ago analogy for, although each collier is subjective,go up to think the independent checking computations that become a problem namely, but the calculator in their hand was moved remotely the wrong answer that hands or feet gave out to agree. This adds close money possibly to cause huge to browbeat to the number.

And unluckily, the manufacturer that has mine machine to counterpoise to speech absolutely passes such question via appearing than especially big Liu Youceng.

In April 2017, machine of bit mainland mine ever exploded an Antbleed is postern. Although this is encircled in Chinese by described as ” flaw ” , but Antbleed more resembling is a function that has been designed by implementation.

Faceless personnel discovers, after the ant mine engine that mainland of a bit produces connects online sth resembling a net, can hold a some domain names to have communication with bit mainland regularly, answer address of the serial number of mine machine, MAC and IP address the server that passes bit mainland. And the signal that if compare the server of especially big land to give out,denies, this mine machine will be stopped move.

Although compare response of especially big land to say, they cannot shut any mine engine that do not belong to them. But group of bit money Core proves in the experiment, this function does not have any test and verify actually, anybody can shut mine engine through forging DNS — but this also is meant at the same time, bit mainland is capable to shut any already sold mine machine.

Later, bit mainland rehabilitate this one ” flaw ” , but caused intense discussion in community however. And this also established almost all PoW community of area piece catenary is comparative and especially big the fundamental key of bias of Liu Dou existence.

After a few months, gouge of the ViaBTC below the dominant that is in bit mainland the first area piece, to bit money area piece catenary undertook hard bifurcate, there was BCH of bit ready money on the world from now on (BitcoinCash) .

Whether can mine machine forestall destroy distributed system?

Face this problem, we should have a clear result now. That is mine machine forestall the safety that can affect PoW number to add close money certainly runs.

This one problem does not depend on bit mainland and author Wu Ji is cold trustful, depend on any however one of value of system of area piece catenary ought to be movement of the safety below the condition that eliminating any pair of single companies and single individual credit.

Even if is ASIC mine machine was not compared forestall of especially big land, itself of ASIC mine machine also can accentuate the concentration that calculates force is spent.

The ASIC that is used at digging mine has very big demand to ventilated, electric power and field, besides use at digging there are any utilities besides mine, at the same time because calculate force powerful and pull tall the computational difficulty of entire network.

Before this brings about exterior player to resemble very hard 5 years in that way, a software falls to begin to dig mine on computer. And recent center changes bourse to be sent to bring about by black incident frequency, the concentration in also proving to do not have superintendency market in this can be brought about absolutely insecure.

Network of hypothesis bit money moves on 1 million colliers, do not have any person to be able to shut it. And if bit money network moves in field of 20 large ore deposit,go up, so it is much easier to shut it.

And end 2017 end, the concentration calculating force that has had 78% is in chinese mainland, this brings about China to superintend a branch to have the possibility that launchs fatal attack to bit money in fact.

And, the use setting that most number adds close money with ” go to a center changing ” about, once the center is changed, will mean these use setting not answer existence. Bring about originally the air currency that may valuable project becomes dinkum waste to calculate force.

So, do we face this one state what to kind of step should take?

It is to serve as a project above all square, perhaps be moment abandons dinkum PoW mechanism. In fact, in the project that is in a lot of emission to add secret number money, change in capital negotiable securities especially kind in the project. The PoS itself of concept of the stock in be similar to real world is more more reasonable than PoW.

In the medium that does not understand area piece catenary we often hear such word ” money wasted bit to calculate force in great quantities to return good for nothing ” , this is reasonable on certain level. The area that is based on PoW piece chain is very hard increase the value of project itself and issue number close money to undertake binding deciding — because of price backside of the money real value is not come from at the project, and come from Yu Wei to hold the cost that calculates force.

And the mixture mode of PoW+PoS more resembling is future, in mixture mode, those who hold money user and collier to be able to participate in this one community is great and decision-making in. And if decision-making be approbated extensively, so need not developer intervenes overly, area piece catenary arrives with respect to can soft bifurcate newest condition, can have the state of collier or boycott of mine machine privately scarcely.

Next, as come loose a collier, if you still are digging a kind of real PoW mechanism money now, your should then termless support community initiates the bifurcate activity that to resist ASIC mine machine has, even if this meeting brings about your mine aircraft be no longer in force.

This sounds a little self-contradictory, but consider from long-term interests in pilot of forestall of a force be calculatinged money is planted in drain the pond to get all the fish, the reform that is inferior to stimulative community achieves more earnings. Because, in the calculates force and community conflict of a lot of pasts, final result is to calculate force advocate can withhold forcibly old algorithm is opposite area piece catenary undertakes hard bifurcate.

And mix like ETH ETC is same, belong to calculate force advocate classical aether lane (ETC) because lost the support of developer, turn the air that uses showpiece without vigor, impossible hair into money.

As come loose a leek, the money of blame mainstream number that you ought to trade to support than place of machine of mine of especially big land carefully (bit money except) , the area that avoids to calculate force completely by bit mainland control into piece in catenary.

Finally, if you are bit mainland, how should you do?

The target of bit mainland is to become Intel, AMD and Nvidia, make larger contribution for whole computer industry, become a great company, is kink not merely before at digging mine interest.

The financier of wall street people early the force that has seen through Nvidia to show calorie of place that dig mine to bring, the stock price of this company rises drop to had been moved toward with the price of bit money consistent, saying even is the effect that suffers digital currency prices. Famous do empty orgnaization citron to already saw empty Nvidia recently, think this company puts too much energy in collier of money of amount to word to provide a service, is not put the emphasis in artificial intelligence, game and nobody to drive wait for serious professional work to go up.

The mission of chip manufacturer is to offer more powerful chip to come drive more intelligent service, make contribution for real world finally, is not the forestall magnate that makes fictitious world. When the gate that also does not walk into fictitious world again when everybody, those who remain is an unmanned moorland only.

Interview in what accepted beautiful intermediary last year when, wu Ji is cold ever disclosed will undertake IPO with the market prise of billions of dollar. As an enterprise that is about to appear on the market, bit mainland wants to be in charge of to investor not only, accept investor even to business can challenge duratively, “If your mine machine appears on the market to encounter bifurcate, how should do? “

And the question that the ability after this need appears on the market can ask, had appeared: The bifurcate money XMO after door collect compares group bifurcate is current price is 7.5 dollars, and a true collect money XMR is current price is 194 dollars, bifurcate money by the door collect community abandons thoroughly.

All divisions are made in bit mainland piece before the name with catenary disgustful community, the capital of a huge sum that can rely on completely a few years this to accumulate along the program before this the transition to company of artificial intelligence chip, is not to continue to develop machine of mine of various number money to come extort zoology dies dish of last dribble before.