The 2nd component of the system is inverter. The AC traction electric machinery that electric car uses can offer acceleration in condition of car dead stop, and very reliable. The voltage of batteries group is dc (DC) , through inverter changeover becomes communication (AC) (it is three-phase normally) . Like voltage, photograph number depends on systematic demand and the type that use electric machinery, but it is three-phase normally.

 

Uses electric machinery is induction motor normally, need to use alternating voltage. This kind of electric machinery is commonly used at electric car, because of them easily drive, function is reliable and have cost effectiveness. Of electric machinery outer package is stator, there are 3 coils above. Lining is normally by copper or aluminous a rotor that make.

 

Graph 1: The simple flow of catenary of electric car transmission–Batteries management system (BMS) to inverter, communicate electric machinery to three-phase next

 

The note related article general introduction and batteries group and administrative charge condition. Because batteries group is become by many batteries series connection, its are effective performance characteristics is based on the most fragile single cell. Because make the chemical unbalance in the process,the n existence difference of batteries is, the position in batteries group (quantity of heat changes) and use or the change related life.

 

The difference between batteries voltage indicates the unbalance of systematic level batteries. The cause that causes this differentia surprise still is up to now in research. Understanding this adequately is very important, because it is affecting batteries group to output the duration of the respect in electric power, and the service life of the usable life of every monomer batteries and batteries group.

 

One of the most important parameter that need a consideration are charge condition. Because the n of each monomer batteries is different, accordingly we mirror the n between batteries with per cent lopsided circumstance. If the charge condition of a batteries is 94 ％ , the charge condition of another batteries is 88 ％ , what both n puts in 6 ％ is lopsided. In addition, every batteries also has different voltage, call open circuit voltage (OCV) , this is chemical charge condition.

 

The challenge that batteries group faces is to be when derive electric current, be not every batteries to be met with identical rate loss n. Accordingly, although batteries series connection joins, discharge rate also can happen with different speed. The uptake as a result of a few batteries under other batteries, accordingly they reclaim and absorb the ability of n to will be changed as time. Other condition (include temperature) can quicken this loop. Preamble of no less than mentions in that way, unit of a few battery may locate because of its or the position is stood by come loose to heat up component and become hotter.

 

The main reason of batteries breakdown is batteries breaks down completely, this will affect batteries voltage, because batteries basically is a resistance that reduces tension only. A kind of method that prevents this kind of situation is to carry batteries balance, batteries is the process that how management makes every monomer batteries fills report evenly. A few kinds of technologies can achieve batteries balance; The simplest method is shunt-wound on every monomer batteries a resistor and semiconductor of oxide of a metal field effect transistor (MOSFET) , the comparator that passes surveillant voltage monitors the voltage of each monomer batteries, use simple algorithmic open MOSFET to be batteries billabong. The defect of this kind of method is waste of bypass the sources of energy.

 

Another kind of technology is called charge move, it does not use resistor, join only between monomer batteries a capacitor. This kind of technology won’t create waste of bypass the sources of energy, but it is more complex, because you need,join on wider distance batteries, is not to bypass every monomer batteries.

 

The technology that uses in electric car is inductance type charges normally, among them the monomer batteries with transformer lopsided join, because it is the system of higher power. Circuit design tends large, the electric inside story that this need design includes larger area to carry out solution place in order to suit to need is measured.

 

All extensive research that these balances are based on pair of single cell features and chemistry, the electronic form that runs them by the tool such as use MATLAB and mathematical formula will express. Microprocessor rises to ensure in the system the main effect that carries out all balances correctly. To give microprocessor power supply, DC/DC converter receives batteries form repeatedly directly, offer 48V or 12V output according to systematic design, for systematic power supply. TI has two facility that can be microprocessor power supply; Both can bear the transient state character below slashing condition and wide voltage limits.

 

LM5165-Q1 is a 3V to 65V, exceed converter of step-down of low output synchronism, can offer inside wide input voltage and load current limits efficient. This parts of an apparatus has compositive high end and low end power MOSFET, can below the condition that may move output voltage with the fixed output voltage of 3.3V or 5V, provide the output electricity that is as high as 150mA. This converter design aims to simplify plan, optimize such as batteries to manage the applied property such as the system at the same time. 150°C is as high as in working temperature the knot is lukewarm (Tj) when, this parts of an apparatus can bear the limits of expensive work temperature in electric car.

 

Manostat of LM46000-Q1 SIMPLE SWITCHER® is converter of a synchronous step-down DC/DC, can come in 3.5V the inputs the drive inside voltage limits to be as high as 500mA load current of 60V. When the tall input voltage that needs a system when you or bigger electric current, LM46000-Q1 the solution dimension with minimum, offer outstanding efficiency, output precision and pressure fall voltage.

 

A lot of methods can manage the balance of batteries of ion of the lithium in batteries group, but design exterior depends on a lot of elements, if cost, dimension, hot character reachs precision requirement. Before implementation, need will be all the consideration limits that afore-mentioned elements bring into design strategy. Understanding concerns the more information that accords with strict car and the TI product that the system asks, examine the systematic block diagram of group of batteries of amount of batteries of HEV tall monomer.