The United States wants to start to be aimed at China ” cold war of science and technology ” ? Wait for matters concerned because of Sino-US trade controversial issue, own innovation makes science and technology recently if intense discussion, domestic all walks of life is inscribed. Why must China have the core technology of the Information Industry? “Chinese core ” is the road in He Fang? On April 30, ” round-the-world times ” the reporter had a special report to Ni Guangna of academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering. The guest in in the morning cafe is not much, year the sofa relying on a window that reporter proposal did not choose south the Niguang of nearly 8 a period of ten days, chose back of a chair however straight straight wooden chair. Because go these year experience, having person is south Niguang ” Tangjihede ” , in be asked about by the reporter when how reading this statement, he drank buccal coffee, laughing to brush with paper towel brush the mouth to say: “What actually I do is to seek advice, support works, it is the thing of second line. “

Teach a lesson — ” do not count on others to be able to sell you core technology “

Round-the-world times: A lot of data show, the getaway of Chinese computer is not late, be such?

Ni Guangna: 50 time Chinese Academy of Sciences calculates the century on when place just held water, large computer can make on the world have a few a few states such as the United States, Russia only. The first our valve is large at that time the computer is copy Russia, add computer room, ventilatedEstablishment, a computer is sufficient have field of a basketball so big, very grand.

But, should do for instance when the research of the domain such as exploration of weather forecast, oil, the computer of ourselves is used not quite, still want to use entrance computer so, this is about to pass export a strict checkup, and the level that exit gives your computer to won’t exceed ourselves computer. Although was bought, the foreign country still can send a person to look at, the requirement must be used at formulary utility.

Now, world of our index of super computer function the first, ourselves does this. Can know from this example, do not count on others to be able to sell you core technology.

Round-the-world times: “Ark 1 ” the start that is Chinese chip?

Ni Guangna: ChinaChip designThe start of course of study is very much, “Ark 1 ” be one of. Be in earlier 1988, company of our computation place, associate namely predecessor, begin to make special chip, call ASIC (special integrated circuit) , be the design laboratory research and development that Sun Zuxi’s researcher is heading a youth to go to Singapore CHATER company. The condition of others is used 56 years in time, we later altogether research and development 5 ASIC, use on printer of Chinese character card, Chinese character, micro computer, scored a success. 2000, print and distribute of the State Council ” encourageSoftwareA certain number of policy of industry and development of integrated circuit estate ” , 18 files that say normally namely, the regulation is rightSoftwareIndustrial levy taxes from 17% fall 3% , Chip designCourse of study is inspected with software industry. So, since then, the chip of our country designed an industry to rise with respect to rapid development. Chip design is similar to software, rely on human intelligence, concern with industrial foundation not quite, we follow foreign difference is not too big.

On the other hand, in chipMakeDomain, CapitalBe not worth badly, nobody is willingCapitalInvestment arrives a such handsome appearances are rare be short of, gain profit probability of long, failure compares cycle field of big Gao Feng danger, so, chipMakeDo not have too big improvement all the time, the level is very low, can say only even for ” try ” , do not talk to go up industry.

Difficulty — ” our software, who comes to the first use? “

Round-the-world times: Do you feel the point that grasps technology of chip industry core to be broken through the hardest is in?

Ni Guangna: Without doubt, the production link of chip is us is short board, it some are similar to traditional industry, depend on industrial foundation. We often see on TV those are wearing the white unlined long gown, setting that undertakes in the environment that do not have dirt nicety is made, that is we lag behind more. Chip is made is a capital concentrated, talent the industry with concentrated, concentrated technology, need country is determined, absorb social capital to undertake be throwinged greatly will chase.

In the meantime, chip is made with traditional industry photograph comparing also has specialty, its dimensions benefit is particularly apparent, need large investment. For instance the medium and small businesses of traditional manufacturing industry can leanProduction9 component will live, but chip is made have subsist of big company ability only.

It is with Beijing east exemple, it belongs to a branch of chip manufacturing industry, also be after throwing 10 years continuously ability begins profit. China for, BAT has not intervened chip is made at present, although to such industry tycoon, the difficulty that sole intervening chip creates is too great still, nevertheless, they can be participated in with some kind of form.

Additional, “Zoology ” construction is very important also. Chip and operating system form a basis, in there are a large number of soft hardwares to form one individual department above it, reappearance exhibits a large number of application to form the support to the system, this is ” zoology ” . Very how old transnational corporation has been done not have ” zoology ” this closes, for instance Wintel (Windows+Intel) the system takes regnant place on PC, but be defeated by apple and An Zhuo however in mobile domain. Jump over nobody to use support of more unavailable application, jump over nobody to use without applied support more, this is a vicious circle. “Zoology ” once form, that is accomplished fact, forestall is effect of a kind of Matthew, overmatch heals strong, monopolist position is very difficult by shake.

Round-the-world times: Face make and zoology ” two big hill ” , is outlet of Chinese chip industry in?

Ni Guangna: Should increase core technology research and development strength andThe marketChange guide. The importance of research and development need not say, why to want “The marketChange guide ” ? To ” zoology ” for construction, occasionally we can come through buying commercial accredit compare on compatible international general ” zoology ” , but not be up to sb to decide of a lot of moment you, for instance Wintel ” zoology ” cannot buy, it is very easy that the illusion uses Wintel by the family ” 301Investigation” to get rid of.

So another road has a market first namely, let this ” zoology ” benign circulation gains in the market: Somebody is used, improve in used process, there is more person to use after improving, next more person does applied support to make it improve. But the problem that this road exists from beginning to end is: Our software, who comes to the first use?

I think Chinese governmentPurchaseThe market can be taken, this is the market that we join WTO to had been not opened. The software of ourselves, him government is used first. Chinese body amount is large, only governmentPurchasecomputer, 30 million two are some, its market dimensions is equivalent to a country of European. This advantage is used rise, “Zoology ” construction can have improvement.

Round-the-world times: According to these your tentative ideas, if China is resolved will chase, how long can need just reach world top-ranking level?

Ni Guangna: With respect to chip design, originally we precede with the world the level does not have big difference, and the design does not need investment of too big capital, forestall also is not very strong, want to had planned only, probably 3 can see very big effect to 5 years. Chip is made be about according to ” China is made 2025 ” the program will consult, need 10 years 8 years at least, longer even. “Zoology ” the subjective activity that construction wants to see us. If according to spend sort easily hard, make wanting implementation to overtake is the most difficult, “Zoology ” take second place, the design is opposite the easiest.

Trend — ” the upsurge of at present is meddlesome, but should not be blossom everywhere “

Round-the-world times: Chinese Internet company is applying domain flourishing now, but someone says, software sells outside, shared bicycle not to make big country position, be such?

Ni Guangna: Innovation has a lot of kinds, have core technology innovation, also commercial pattern innovation, management innovation, system innovation waits, but I feel core technology innovates is a foundation. Mode innovation looks very successful, but of technology of its backside need core prop up, so core technology innovation cannot be loosened. I often chat with a few young person that do poineering work, they can feel mode starts new fund faster, but I remind them, if do not have core technology, you are replaced the likelihood also is met very fast.

Round-the-world times: “Chinese chip ” if the problem causes an upsurge, project financing and speed of mount a horse are accelerated apparently, how do you visit this kind of appearance? What proposal is there?

Ni Guangna: This affirmation is a very good phenomenon, the specification reachs an industry from the country, begin to be determined to was broken through, old way is right. But want an attention is, the force of all circles appears a bit dispersive, according to experience, chip industry needs capital concentration, if divide diffuse hair, final result may be everybody not quite strong. So, I think should better conformity prepares resource with all, do not want spring up all over the place, dispersive force.

In international chip industry, form forestall oligarch already, the small company of of people of talent survives very hard, became to final likelihood do useless work. When needing smash up a monopoly, cannot rely on market rule completely, otherwise you were entered impossibly. Our country is to have originally ” concentrated force amount handles a major issue ” of the advantage, this advantage should have been used. After all, the international oligarch appearance that follows chip industry is compared, our investment is too small still.

Round-the-world times: Why the chip that must we make ourselves and operating system? On the world a lot of countries do not have these core technologies, not is it may not be a bad idea good?

Ni Guangna: What is the end that this wants to visit a country, if feel to make a network big country is enough, then we do not have necessary pursuit what core technology. But our target is network powerful nation, do not take the route of oneself core technology, the family lets your pull up to impossibly come.

Anyhow, some things, if you feel inevitable, be determined so early to be determined to be close friends than evening, for instance ” north is fought ” , we are determined to want to do ten years ago, north is fought now very good with. If be determined ten years early to do chip to make, we may have had our chip, won’t be blocked by the family neck.