[introduction] in factory automation and net of couplet of industrial other people (in IIoT) , the monitoring through be based on condition (the healthy state that CbM) can know asset deep, increase normal run time thereby and improve productivity, reduce maintain cost, prolong substance life and ensure the worker is safe. Although the sensor, diagnostic algorithm, progress that handles ability side and artificial intelligence (AI) and machine study (the application of ML) technology is making CbM becomes more useful, but the infrastructure with appropriate lack restricted the CbM promotion in a lot of application domains.

In factory automation and net of couplet of industrial other people (in IIoT) , the monitoring through be based on condition (the healthy state that CbM) can know asset deep, increase normal run time thereby and improve productivity, reduce maintain cost, prolong substance life and ensure the worker is safe. Although the sensor, diagnostic algorithm, progress that handles ability side and artificial intelligence (AI) and machine study (the application of ML) technology is making CbM becomes more useful, but the infrastructure with appropriate lack restricted the CbM promotion in a lot of application domains.

Mining, oil / the place that the equipment in natural gas, public utility and manufacturing industry application is located in devoid power source or data network normally. Nod the power supply with new laid and network cable out-of-the-wayly for these already costly highbrow, the CbM application that occupies transmission rate relative to higher power and number to the requirement especially such.

Can use wireless replacement scheme, but need has balance. For example, batteries power supply sensor can offer finite data to transmit rate only, because this does not suit,use at CbM. To also can realize newest CbM function in these places, the engineer needs option of a kind of infrastructure, in order to offer cost the power source with low, reliable function and tall bandwidth network.

10BASE-T1L sheet is right aether net (SPE) is what satisfy these standards and make clear clearly namely. The data of net of this kind of aether and power transmission distance are as long as 1 kilometer (Km) , was head and shoulders above the limitation of industrial aether net. Use this new technology, the engineer can be in the ground that cannot reach before to select the CbM technology with sophisticated deploy.

The article summarized the influence of CbM and AI, summarized the advantage that SPE is nodding out-of-the-wayly next. Article key introduced to be based on the crucial part of the sensor of SPE, gave out the type selecting rudder of these components. Finally, the article reviewed the ABC that designs data and communication interface of power source combination, the CbM system that introduces how to will be based on SPE is compositive in more extensive industry network.

The influence of CbM and AL and ML

The element that promotes CbM growth is very much, but of AI and ML arisen especially notable. These technologies are in expand the limits of CbM from the rotating equipment such as fan of zephyr of pump, compressor include numerical control machine tool, deferent system and robot inside more extensive mechanical field.

Can obtain these progress, because AI and ML system can be absorbed,be reconcile analyse includes oscillatory, pressure, temperature and visual data inside mass data. Had rich data set, AI and ML system can identify old old technique likelihood the unusual situation of oversight.

Want to achieve these advantages, must get high fidelity data from inside all and relevant equipment, this is why CbM system must be offerred from the brim join to the cloud, receive the most remote moving corner in order to connect (graph 1) .

Graph 1: Contemporary CbM system must remote control technology (OT) equipment and IT (IT) system join rises. (picture origin: Analog Devices)

SPE photograph compares the dominant position of other method

Want to provide a service for these remote regions, the engineer needs a kind of IT friendly model the method will transmit data and power source, mix cost take up the space is maintained actually in lowermost level. Apparent, industrial aether net the solution is a right choice, the aether net power supply that because industrial aether net can offer the representative data bandwidth of 100 Mbps and every port,is as high as 30 W (PoE) ability. Nevertheless, the transmission of industrial aether net is apart from less than of 100 M be been in by limitation.

Just as its name implies, sheet is right aether net (SPE) offers aether net to join through Chan Genshuang skeining thread, is not 4 pairs of lines of two pairs of lines of 100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T. Accordingly, compare with photograph of wiring of net of coequal industry aether, SPE wiring smaller, lighter, cost is lower. Although was reduced,take up actually space, but SPE can support be as long as the moving distance of 1 Km, several is as high as 1 Gbps according to transmitting rate, power is as high as 50 W, connector defends grade achieves IP67, apply to harsh environment.

Notable is, two of SPE top rating cannot come true at the same time. For example, the speed of 1 Gbps supports the stone’s throw of 40 M less than to transmit only. Under photograph comparing, when length of the biggest cable is 1 Km, number can achieve 10 Mbps only according to transmitting rate.

How to choose aether net MAC for SPE application

Like join of all aether net, SPE interface includes a medium to visit control (MAC) layer and a physics (PHY) layer. MAC manages aether net flow, and PHY criterion changes the imitate weaveform of cable signal of amount to word.

A lot of advanced small controller (MCU) deployed MAC, some still included PHY. However, MCU of the low cost that is used at brim sensor, low power comsumption does not have these functions however. The solution is to use 10BASE-T1L MAC-PHY, it satisfied these two kinds of requirements by right of a sole chip, make design personnel to be able to be in all sorts of exceeding undertake choosing in processor of low power comsumption.

For example, the ADIN1110CCPZ-R7 of Analog Devices is a very good product (graph 2) . 10BASE-T1L of this only port is sent and receive implement use at lengthening distance, 10 Mbps SPE to join. ADIN1110 passes 4 lines serial peripheral interface (SPI) and lead plane join, this is most contemporary small controller some interface.

Graph 2: ADIN1110 is buccal 10BASE-T1L sends and receive a Chan Duan implement, pass SPI of a 4 lines interface and advocate processor join. (picture origin: Analog Devices)

To raise dovish sex, ADIN1110 is compositive monitoring of voltage power source and electrify restoration (POR) circuit. In addition, but process designing sends resistor of n, exterior termination and independence receive and send cite a base, make this parts of an apparatus applies to intrinsic safety application.

The design shares data and power source communication interface

SPE uses a kind to call data line power supply (the technology of PoDL) , through same electrical wiring provides power source and data. If the graph is shown 3 times, high frequency data arrives through coupling of series connection capacitor on double skeining thread, and dc (DC) power source arrives through inductor coupling on circuit.

Graph 3: PoDL uses inductance coupling and capacitance coupling to pass Chan Genshuang skeining thread to provide power source and data signal respectively. (picture origin: Analog Devices)

Actually, realize dovish sex and fault tolerance sex to still need other component. For example, diode of commutate of proposal use bridge-type will avoid power source mistake of join pole occurrence sex. Same, still need voltage of a transient state to restrain implement (TVS) diode will ensure electromagnetism compatibility (the dovish sex of EMC) . Notable is, those who need to use choke to reduce cable to arise in all modular noise.

Choose sensor for CbM

The place before be like is narrated, cbM applies to a variety of detecting mode. In these mode, one of crucial factors that need a consideration are balance has between function and efficiency.

Detect with vibration for exemple. The system of cable of function excel personal computer of the sensor that suppress report (MEMS) , but cost is higher. This makes the ideal option that controls electric sensor to make high key capital, these asset often are located in central position.

Under photograph comparing, a lot of so not crucial capital often are located in the farthermost end of establishment, accordingly in view of cost respect restrict, had not undertaken monitoring at present. However, still must undertake mining to its data, in order to improve the productivity of whole system. Distance and the advantage that cost sensitivity combines the CbM that is based on SPE just about are in, because nature of this MEMS sensor made optimal choice.

Besides cost inferior besides, MEMS sensor still brought other dominant position for SPE sensor. For example, compare with the sensor that suppress report, most MEMS sensor has function of digital filter wave, outstanding degree of linearity, weight to be mixed gently volume is minor wait for a characteristic.

Next design chooses between odd axis sensor and 3 axes sensor. Watch 1 listed the difference between two typical parts of an apparatus (3 axes of ADXL357BEZ-RL accelerometer and ADXL1002BCPZ-RL7 odd axis accelerometer) .

Express 1: Odd axis ADXL1002BCPZ-RL7 and sensor of 3 axes ADXL357BEZ-RL can be in the aspect that a lot of need consider mainly has balance. (picture origin: Analog Devices)

If the watch is shown 1 times, odd axis sensor has taller bandwidth and lower noise. Nevertheless, 3 axes sensor can catch perpendicular, level and axial vibration, thereby the moving circumstance of assets of knowledge of in more detail. Odd axis sensor identifies very hard include an axis to bend, rotor problem of prejudicial, bearing and rotor cock inside a lot of breakdown.

Notable is, rely on oscillatory sensor only and can not detect an all breakdown, do not detect even the primary failure that concerns to those and vibration. Below certain circumstance, optimal solution may be sensor of will odd axis and other sensor combination use (like sensor of electric machinery electric current or magnetic field) . Below other condition, optimal solution may need two or sensor of many odd axes.

Consider the complexity of the element in view of these, best at the same time try out these two kinds of sensor. For this, analog Devices offers sensor of ADXL357 3 axis to evaluate board evaluate with sensor of ADXL1002 1 axis board.

The CbM system that will be based on SPE is compositive in larger industrial network

Offer with the cloud without seam join, it is the main demand of any pair of CbM systems. Graph 4 say how palpability uses message alignment telemetering to transmit (MQTT) agreement realizes this one function. Message of IIoT of this kind of lightweight delivers an agreement to be able to take up with least code quantity and inferior network bandwidth join long-range equipment.

Graph 4: What show the CbM framework to be based on SPE. The crucial part of sensor system includes processor of brim of sensor, low power comsumption and MAC-PHY. (picture origin: Analog Devices)

Small controller of Cortex-M4 of most low cost applies to this application, because almost all the SPI port that these chip have join sensor and MAC-PHY place to need. Look from software angle, main demand is MQTT agreement inn has enough memory, accurate real time operating system (RTOS) and brim analysis software. Need the RAM of a few KB and ROM only normally.

After SPE cable arrives at existing infrastructure, medium converter can change 10BASE-T1L signal the 10BASE-T frame that is cable of standard aether net. Ask an attention, this kind of changeover just changed physical pattern; Bag of aether net data still keeps changeless. From here, these data bags are OK send on any aether network networks.

Epilogue

SPE is one is overturning arisenly sexual technology, all sorts of challenges that can settle place of long-range equipment CbM to be faced with well. Its PoDL function transmits power source and data ably confluence to be on a double skeining thread, aether net with the means of low cost infrastructure expands farther place. Through choosing MAC-PHY interface and MEMS sensor carefully, the engineer can use these functional deploy structures the solution with compact, light weight. These solutions have enough cost effectiveness, it is reasonable that enough proof uses these solutions on not quite main asset. This makes AI and ML system right of operation can inspect a gender to reach new height, offer unprecedented deepness to run a condition thereby.

 

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