[introduction]Data center is based on artificial intelligence in deploy (the technology of AI) , processor is concentrated model the growth that the server is promoting energy demand, the tremendous effect that next watches showed to place of trend of this kind of development is brought. Arrange of international the sources of energy (IEA) is forecasted, to 2030, 7% what the power consumption of data center will take global power consumption, be equivalent to the power consumption of Indian whole nation.

Data center is based on artificial intelligence in deploy (the technology of AI) , processor is concentrated model the growth that the server is promoting energy demand, the tremendous effect that next watches showed to place of trend of this kind of development is brought. Arrange of international the sources of energy (IEA) is forecasted, to 2030, 7% what the power consumption of data center will take global power consumption, be equivalent to the power consumption of Indian whole nation.

Graph 1: The power comsumption of data center CPU and GPU technology.

Because power demand increases ceaselessly, attention energy efficiency is crucial. Peaceful gram and Steve Sandler of expert of integrality of famous power source cooperate, developed outstanding measurement technology, the operation efficiency that aims to improve centers of next data of generation artificial intelligence / can effect. As constant to the demand of electric power growth, crucial to the attention of energy efficiency. Suffer expert of admissive electric power integrality with equipment Steve Sangdele (Steve Sandler) Tai Kekai sent cooperative; to measure a technology goodly, in order to carry the operation of center of data of AI of generation of relative superiority or inferiority / watt.

Raise network of power source allocation (of PDN) can effect raises power supply network (PDN) energy efficiency

PDN must be the GPU sensitive load in drive server frame to offer course of a lot of low noise direct current source. Go after higher rate and higher density to mean, need achieves sharper edge rate, more high frequency rate and more orbit below lower tension level and bigger electric current. This dash forward the value that showed integrality of good power supply. PDN must be drive the sensitive load of the GPU in these server frame offers course of a lot of low noise direct current source. The rate with higher pursuit and higher density mean sharper edge rate, taller frequency and more power source course, but tension level is lower, electric current is taller, institute of as above plan is shown. This emphasized good power source integrality.

The objective that undertakes power source integrality checks is, test and verify reachs laden point (the requirement of norms of power source course that the voltage of POL) and electric current are in all anticipation to run a condition to issue whether contented load. Should fall in thousand conspicuous frequency accurate measure noise of course of millivolt class power source, need to notice especially. The objective that undertakes power source integrality is measured is test and verify is in all anticipation that laden point reachs below working requirement (POL) the norms of power source course that whether voltage and electric current accord with load. Below GHz frequency, need special attention to measure the millivolt of noise of power source course accurately.

Let us allocate structure of network high energy level to pursue through the power source of the server system that be based on, how does understanding evaluate PDN performance. The advanced view that allows us to watch the distribution network that how goes up through be based on the system of the server will evaluate PDN performance.

Graph 2: The advanced distribution network of data center.

If plan institute is shown, representative data center passes 12 V, 24 V or 48 V direct current source is based on the server power supply of AI for its, be in next advocate board admiral voltage changeover is voltage of other power source. The engineer can examine every link in the link that outputs FPGA, processor and other and complex IC from power source, because this is OK, impedance of power source course control is in low-down level, the tall electricity that so that carry,needs by the AI server of GPU technology drive. The intractable place of impedance management depends on distribution network be being comprised by a lot of impedance, include voltage regulator, go Ou capacitor and PCB take a line. High speed exchange and heat insert the impedance change that unplugs server card can introduce an accident, this may be brought about overmuch twinkling changes or noise. If plan institute is shown, typical data center is passed 12, 24 or the server power supply that power source of 48 V DC is based on AI for its, give priority to its changeover next board the voltage of other power source that go up. The engineer can examine every link in the chain that outputs FPGA, processor and other and complex IC from power source, must be in management of impedance of power source course accordingly low-down level, so that offer by the tall electric current in the is a center with AI server of GPU technology drive. Those who make impedance management complications is, the network is comprised by a lot of impedance, include manostat, go Ou capacitor and PCB take a line. High speed exchange and heat insert the impedance that unplugs server card can bring expect to be less than to change, bring about thereby overmuch twinkling changes or noise.

Want the design that ensures stability is energy-saving, want utmost ground to reduce the noise in PDN above all. Norms of noise of power source course can reach hundreds megahertz or the frequency range of thousands of megahertz, its extent reachs millivolt level. Should ensure stable, energy-saving design, should fall the noise in PDN above all to lowest. The noise standards on power source course can rise to MHz or GHz frequency limits, extent is an unit with millivolt.

Evaluate can effect should shed circuit input and output to undertake electric energy quality is measured to handing in above all, in order to ensure line voltage and line electric current accord with a requirement. The measured value that uses at assessing quality is shown as follows: Evaluate can effect should shed circuit input and output to undertake electric energy quality is measured to handing in above all, in order to ensure circuit voltage and circuit electric current.

The measured value that assesses quality is shown as follows:

• Frequency frequency

• Effective voltage and electric current

• Virtual value voltage and electric current

• Impedance impedance

• Wave crest factor (voltage and electric current) wave crest factor (voltage and electric current

• Power of have rendered great service, mix without result power inspect in power real power, mix without result power inspect in power

• Power factor and phasic power factor and phasic

To ensure accurate undertake these measurement, the option of oscillograph probe is very important; Use difference divides probe to measure systematic line voltage, probe of use electric current measures line electric current of the system. Ensure these are measured accurate without by accident the option of; oscillograph probe is very important the circuit tension that; uses the probe that need branch to survey a system, probe of use electric current measures circuit electric current of the system.

Another key is measured is pair of PDN operating ring the road is answered undertake frequency answers an analysis. This will provide the important information about rate of operating ring region and power source stability. Graph of baud of have the aid of examines analytic result, graph 3 in it is setting of give typical examples. The operating ring road that another key is measured is pair of PDN is answered answer an analysis into travel frequency. This will provide the valuable information of rate of concerned control return and power source stability. Baud graph is used at examining an analysis, graph 3 medium setting give typical examples are as follows.

Graph 3: The measurement of impedance of network of power source allocation is installed.

Power source integrality explores systematic merit to take power source integrality seriously to explore a system to be worth to pay close attention to

The passive probe of tall impedance 10X that current oscillograph deploys may have enough bandwidth, but the noise signal that can make you want to measure produces attenuation. 1X probe can transmit noise signal without attenuation ground, but its bandwidth is hundreds of megahertz only. Have 50? The transmission line probe that inputs impedance or cable have excellent high frequency performance, but remarkable load can produce below dc circumstance, unless increase dc isolator.  The load that probe of attenuation transmission line produces is lesser, maintain low noise and tall bandwidth at the same time. The passive probe of tall impedance 10X with current accessary oscillograph may have enough bandwidth, but the noise signal that your attempt measures their meeting attenuation. 1X probe carries noise signal and not damply, but they are by limitation inside bandwidth of a few MHz. Input impedance has excellent high frequency performance for the transmission line probe of 50 Ω or cable, but very big load can be caused when dc, unless add dc module. Probe of attenuation transmission line offers fewer load, maintain low noise and tall bandwidth at the same time.

Probe of power source course is probe of another kind of low noise, deflection limits is as high as 4 GHz, dc deflection limits is – 60 to + 60 Vdc. Identifying noise source field, probe of power source course is a kind of more passive than the tradition probe is more accurate replace a tool, following graphs are shown 4 times. According to the voltage of power source course, the likelihood needs dc block to break implement.  If need, ensure dc block is broken please implement offer surge to protect for oscillograph, and do not get dc or communication slant the influence of buy. Although probe of power source course can measure very little noise, but also be Chan Duan is measured.  Accordingly, need is used can reduce the coaxial isolator that measures error of road of ground connection annulus further. Picotest offers a variety of stiff flow resistance to break implement will satisfy this kind of requirement with coaxial isolator.  Understand sound measurement of a confusion of voices of course of culminating power source in detail. Probe of power source course is another kind of probe, low noise and tall maladjusted range can be offerred below the frequency that is as high as 4 GHz, limits of attune of straight prediction of a person’s luck in a given year is – 60 to + 60 Vdc. Identifying noise source field, following graphs show the; of more accurate replacement scheme that this is regarded as traditional and passive probe 4 times. According to the voltage of power source course, the likelihood needs a dc piece. If be this kind of circumstance, ensure it provides surge protection for oscillograph please, and slant to dc or communication buy is not sensitive. Probe of power source course although noise is very low, but also be Chan Duan. For this, search please can reduce the coaxial isolator that measures error of road of ground connection annulus further. Picotest offers a series of dc module and coaxial isolator to satisfy these requirement. Understanding concerns the more information of sound measurement of a confusion of voices of course of culminating power source.

Graph 4: Use passive probe (lower part trace) with probe of power source course (upper part trace) ripple of power supply cord is measured quite.

Fast low noise is collected with exceed fast brim load to be united in wedlock, but job of processor of imitate AI class is laden, thereby OK and accurate string of faze between the voltage of noise of power source course in evaluating PDN to design and power source course and power source course. In union use peaceful overcomes MSO of 5 B series or the circumstance of oscillograph of MSO of 6 B series falls, picotest offerred whole laden equipment series, highest for 2, 000, the brim of 1 accept second is laden, support the sampling rate that is as high as 65Ms/s, in order to have accurate imitate test. (see a picture 5) fast, low noise is collected with exceed sharp edge load to be united in wedlock, but; of load of work of processor of imitate AI class allows accurate the voltage of noise of power source course in evaluating PDN to design and power source course string together faze to power source course. With peaceful gram 5 series B MSO or oscillograph of 6 series B MSO combine use;Picotest to offer be as high as 2, 000, the complete and laden series of 1ns brim load, support is as high as the sampling rate of 65MS/s, in order to realize accurate emulation job. (see a picture 5)

Graph 5 Showed the character that has load of pseudo-random tall extent to AI class processor is analysed.

Use Picotest laden equipment undertakes characteristic analysis, overcome oscillograph of 6 series B MSO to undertake metrical through peaceful, the accuracy that can ensure character is analysed. Peaceful overcomes oscillograph of 6 series B MSO is to capture the ideal instrument of signal of low noise, high resolution. Graph 5. The token with the pseudo-random chief condition of load of tall amplitude of processor of indication AI class. The accuracy of this kind of token comes true through using Picotest load, overcome oscillograph of 6 series B MSO to measure by peaceful, suit low noise and high resolution signal to capture very much.

Oscillograph measures an analysis to conduce to economic time reducing a mistake

The trouble spot in identify and analysing PDN may expend time. Search in network of power source allocation too ripple, strong, owe strong, open, shut, time tide, stabilization period and shake signal is a complex task. Those who be worth to rejoice is, current most contemporary oscillograph was offerred inside buy analyses software, use at setting instrument to mix carry out automatically signal is collected and show. Lower part measures give typical examples automatically for ripple. Reach the place inside these character in the instrument, plus the function that has a too long-range PC to undertake automation, can simplify the AI function of large group evaluates the work, in the meantime, still can evaluate AI to support function to follow the metabolic case of time and temperature, in order to check the efficiency of the server and wear.

Graph 6: Automatic ripple is measured, display screen in oscillograph of 5 series B MSO on the right side of indication annotate result.

Summary

As a result of artificial intelligence (the energy demand that AI) prompts next generation data centers increases, evaluate network of power source allocation (the function of PDN) and efficiency becoming is more important. As artificial intelligence (AI) the performance that turns the energy demand; of center of data of generation of relative superiority or inferiority to evaluate power supply network and efficiency becoming is more important. Use good PDN checks and measure strategy, will make center of data of AI be in order is achieved optimal moving function, dependability and can effect, have good PDN to evaluate check and measure strategy to will bring about data center to be in function, dependability and energy efficiency respect implement be in order of optimal function, artificial intelligence.

(Origin: Peaceful overcomes science and technology)

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